Cartoon Picture Maker Biography
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Cartoon Picture Maker Images created by Naoko Takeuchi. The series began as a manga published in 1991 and the anime adaptation began airing in March 1992. Since then, the series have been adapted into several different languages, including English. One of the series' later localizations (the first dub having been in French),[1] the English version was a broadcast success.[2] The entire manga series has also been translated and published in English twice.The executive producer for the first 82 English adapted anime episodes was Andy Heyward and the other for the entire localization and the three films was Janice Sonski. Lisa Lumby-Richards is the only writer to be credited throughout the seasons, and the only script writer listed in the credits for the three Sailor Moon films and the last 17 episodes of Sailor Moon R.The English adaptation of Sailor Moon was produced in an attempt to capitalize on the success of Mighty Morphin Power Rangers.[3] After a bidding war with Toon Makers,[4] DIC Entertainment (which at the time was owned by The Walt Disney Company)[5] acquired the rights to the first two seasons of the Sailor Moon franchise in early 1995,.[6] Carl Macek adapted the first few episodes for an English-speaking audience, and was then replaced by Fred Ladd and Lisa Lumby-Richards, with all the voice recordings being handled by Optimum Productions in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.[7][8] Through the omission of six episodes that were considered a lack of interest or inappropriate for the target audience, and the merging of two, the total episode count for the original adapted episodes was reduced from 72 to 65, the minimum number of episodes required for strip syndication on U.S. television, stopping mid-way through Sailor Moon R. These remaining episodes were each cut by several minutes to make room for more commercials, to censor plot points or visuals deemed inappropriate for children and to allow the insertion of brief "educational" segments called "Sailor Says" at the end of each episode. In addition, the background musical score, and insert songs were also replaced. The remaining 17 episodes of Sailor Moon R were not adapted until 1997 after the series gained popularity in North America and were treated in much the same way; when Sailor Moon R was translated, it was marketed under the same title as the first season. At the time, it was unusual for anime theme songs to be translated, and Sailor Moon's was one of the first such themes to be redone in English since Speed Racer.[9] In addition, some episodes from the first two seasons of Sailor Moon were introduced with the following text:Production of the North American versions of Sailor Moon S and Sailor Moon Super S, as well as the movies from Cloverway Inc. (the international branch of Toei Animation, the Japanese production company) in association with Optimum Productions was strikingly different from DIC's dubs of Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R in that they were much closer to the original version. The original animation and music were kept, except for the opening theme, which was the same as DiC's version, but with different animation, the closing theme, which was the same as DiC's opening/closing without the vocal track, and CGI scene transitions which were continued for the edited television broadcast version to maintain consistency with the DiC-produced episodes. The "Sailor Says" segments were eliminated, and much less overt censorship was in evidence, as the rules for children's television in America having been relaxed in the intervening years due to the advent of a TV ratings system; the show itself was rated "TV-Y7-FV". However, many Sailor Moon fans disliked the "Americanization" of the two series by the addition of slang words (such as "fine" or "buggin'") with no corollary in the Japanese series, as well as incorrect or inconsistent attack and transformation phrases being used at times.[10][11][12] They also vehemently objected to the treatment of the characters of Sailor Uranus (Amara/Haruka Tenoh) and Sailor Neptune (Michelle/Michiru Kaioh) during Sailor Moon S. Though it was never stated in the series, Naoko Takeuchi confirmed that they were lesbians; in Cloverway's adaptation they became "cousins" instead, an attempt to explain their relationship away as something else, since homosexuality was typically an extremely taboo subject in American children's entertainment at the time.[1The English adaptation of Sailor Moon began broadcasting on August 28, 1995, on YTV in Canada, and entered syndication in the United States two weeks later. While the show had moderate success on YTV, in the U.S. the show struggled in early morning "dead" timeslots,[14][15] implied to be due to local shows taking precedence for better times.[14] The series was removed from syndication in 1996 after the original 65 English episodes were broadcast,[16][17] leaving it in a cliffhanger. In response to this, a fan organization called "Save Our Sailors" (SOS) was created.[18] A 1996 Internet petition for the return of Sailor Moon is said to have garnered 30,000 signatures.[16] Syndication meant that it was harder for Sailor Moon to make a profit, as advertising slots had to be sold, and ratings were key to selling advertising spots - which was difficult given the unfavorable times at which Sailor Moon was being aired. SOS organised a procott where fans would buy Pop-Tarts to persuade them to advertise during Sailor Moon.[19] The show was later picked up for US broadcast by the USA Network a year later, where it aired for several months before leaving the network after broadcasting all original 65 English episodes.[18]DiC and Optimum originally dubbed a total of 65 episodes for distribution in 1995, a number that took them approximately two-thirds of the way through Sailor Moon R. Two years later, funding was acquired by DiC to dub the remaining seventeen Sailor Moon R episodes into English and the episodes were broadcast in Canada to wrap up lingering plotlines. The last episode of Sailor Moon R was a clip episode entitled "Follow The Leader", which featured the Scouts' past adventures and previews for Sailor Moon S, the show's third season. The remainder of Sailor Moon R was brought over to America a year later, initially billed as "The Lost Episodes.In 1998, as a result of the Turner deal, Cartoon Network was given the rights to the original 65 English-dubbed Sailor Moon episodes and began airing them as part of its then-action-themed Toonami block. The decision proved extremely profitable for Cartoon Network, as ratings for the show helped boost viewership for the Toonami programming block and generated revenue and interest for them to acquire other anime shows such as Dragon Ball Z to add to the block. Cartoon Network later acquired the rights to the 17 remaining Sailor Moon R episodes, and subsequently aired English versions of Sailor Moon S and Sailor Moon SuperS. The S and Super S episodes also aired in Canada on YTV in 2000.The S and SuperS English dubs were first broadcast in 2000 on Cartoon Network as part of their Toonami programming block, and also on YTV; and 13 episodes of the S dub were picked up for airing on Kids' WB in September 2001, airing for 2 weeks, even continuing to air the remaining episodes after the September 11 attacks. The films were also aired on Cartoon Network and YTV. The broadcast syndication license for Sailor Moon in North America expired on May 31, 2004, and Cartoon Network lost the rights to it in May 2003 before this point, thus ending the English version's run in the United States, however, the show was pulled from Cartoon Network's schedule in July 2002 before that point.In addition to Cloverway's edits, Cartoon Network cut out 1–2 minutes of footage per episode to make room for more commercials when shown on their network. Occasionally, they made additional changes to skip visuals they believed were inappropriate. For example, an image of full rear nudity when Sailor Uranus de-transforms was skipped.[20] Most cuts were made similar to DiC Entertainment's censorship policy (see "Alterations" below) although not as harsh nor restricted to just cutting out. Two episodes were skipped by Cartoon Network when the problem could not be solved. Episode 119 for instance was at first skipped because its monster-of-the-day was essentially naked, and thus deemed too risque for the show's target audience. In the series' second run, however, the episode finally aired, and solved the monster's revealing skin by digitally adding in a bikini to it.[21] Episode 152 was also skipped by Cartoon Network, but for reasons that are not as clear. Like Episode 119, it also eventually aired on the series' second run.[22] The Edited VHS releases of Sailor Moon S and Sailor Moon SuperS by Pioneer Home Entertainment used the cut footage shown on Cartoon Network, while the uncut VHS and DVD releases restore the cut scenes, including the controversial ones.During 1996-97, a total of six VHS tapes, each containing two key (nonconsecutive in most cases) episodes of the series, were released by Buena Vista Home Video through DIC Entertainment. These tapes were originally available exclusively through Toys 'R' Us stores, but later saw wider distribution in other chains. In 2001, a VHS boxset containing all thirteen episodes of the "Doom Tree" storyline (the first part of R) was released, also through Buena Vista.Pioneer Entertainment (later Geneon Entertainment) had the rights to release Sailor Moon S, Super S, and the movies to Region 1 DVD and VHS under license from Cloverway. They released the movies in English dubbed and subtitled versions, as well as the edited TV versions, to VHS and DVD in 1999. They released Sailor Moon S and Super S to home video in a similar format in 2000. That same year, ADV Films released the English dubs of Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R in a 20 volume VHS series series under license from DiC.[23] During 2001, Pioneer had released Sailor Moon S and SuperS in four different stock-keeping units, and released a box set of the movies in that October.[24] The first two seasons were later taken to DVD in 2002, released over fourteen Region-1 DVDs from ADV Films. ADV later released a subtitled version of the entire Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R series in two separate limited edition DVD box sets in 2004-uncut, except for the removal of next episode previews and one episode (67) from the Sailor Moon R set, and using different versions of some openings than were in the original. ADV's license to distribute Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R in either form expired at the end of March 2004. Geneon's license expired in 2005.In Australia, the first 65 syndicated episodes of Sailor Moon were first seen afternoons on the ABC's children's block in late 1995.[25][26] The following year, they were transferred to the Seven Network's Agro's Cartoon Connection. They were replayed there several times, until early 1999, when Seven would finally air the newer 17 episodes. All 82 English episodes would be played on Seven once more; from late 1999 to early 2000 on their morning program, The Big Breakfast. In early 2002, the series was again transferred, this time to Network Ten's Cheez TV. Cheez TV only played the first 65 episodes (twice), and due to classification restrictions, were forced to skip two episodes, "Match Point for Sailor Moon" (ostensibly because the episode's "monster of the day" had visible breasts) and "A Friend in Wolf's Clothing" (due to a graphic death scene).Sailor Moon also played on Australian cable network Fox Kids in September 2001; Fox Kids was the first Australian outlet to play the entirety of the English-dubbed series, with Sailor Moon S starting in April 2002 and Sailor Moon Super S starting in August 2002. In December 2002, Fox Kids aired a marathon of all 159 episodes over two weeks.Network Video released six volumes of Sailor Moon on VHS spanning the first 18 episodes in 1996.In 2002, Madman Entertainment acquired the rights to Sailor Moon video distribution in Australia and released the 82 DIC dubbed episodes on both DVD and VHS. These releases were nearly identical to the ones by ADV. The releases did well, with Madman stating they were in the process of acquiring the rights to release at least Season 1 uncut with subtitles as well. However, after the rights expired and were not renewed by Toei, this was no longer possible and the English volumes previously released also ceased to be printed.Sailor Moon first aired on Fox Kids, now known as Disney XD, in the United Kingdom in 1996 using the North American DiC Entertainment dub. Fox Kids repeated the Dark Kingdom arc and the Alan and Ann arc of Sailor Moon R until airing the rest of R around the end of 2000. Fans with the Internet found out about the later seasons, and signed petitions to put Sailor Moon S on Fox Kids. Fox Kids stated repeatedly that they were going to, and in 2002 they showed a preview clip with scenes from the S season that declared "New episodes of Sailor Moon coming soon!". The channel, however, never aired the series.Around this time, ITV1 started showing Sailor Moon in a kids' segment of GMTV on Saturday mornings, called "Up on the Roof" but later renamed "Toonattik". This, despite time edits which compounded the already problematic DIC Entertainment cuts, proved popular. However, since Fox Kids held the UK rights for Sailor Moon but would not give them up apart from the inaugural thirteen episodes, Sailor Moon was canceled on that network and shortly thereafter canceled on Fox Kids as well. Although ITV put the first 13 episodes they had on VHS, they did not sell very well. MVM, a UK anime company, released the dub versions of the first 24 episodes on VHS in 2001/2003, and then the complete first two seasons on DVD in 2003/2004. A box set of the first season were also released, but did not sell well either,[27] a fact MVM attributes to the dub only status of the DVDs, as MVM were unable to secure uncut masters, and major retailers' refusal to support the show meaning the release neither appealed to children nor older anime fans
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Source(Google.com.pk)
Cartoon Picture Maker Images created by Naoko Takeuchi. The series began as a manga published in 1991 and the anime adaptation began airing in March 1992. Since then, the series have been adapted into several different languages, including English. One of the series' later localizations (the first dub having been in French),[1] the English version was a broadcast success.[2] The entire manga series has also been translated and published in English twice.The executive producer for the first 82 English adapted anime episodes was Andy Heyward and the other for the entire localization and the three films was Janice Sonski. Lisa Lumby-Richards is the only writer to be credited throughout the seasons, and the only script writer listed in the credits for the three Sailor Moon films and the last 17 episodes of Sailor Moon R.The English adaptation of Sailor Moon was produced in an attempt to capitalize on the success of Mighty Morphin Power Rangers.[3] After a bidding war with Toon Makers,[4] DIC Entertainment (which at the time was owned by The Walt Disney Company)[5] acquired the rights to the first two seasons of the Sailor Moon franchise in early 1995,.[6] Carl Macek adapted the first few episodes for an English-speaking audience, and was then replaced by Fred Ladd and Lisa Lumby-Richards, with all the voice recordings being handled by Optimum Productions in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.[7][8] Through the omission of six episodes that were considered a lack of interest or inappropriate for the target audience, and the merging of two, the total episode count for the original adapted episodes was reduced from 72 to 65, the minimum number of episodes required for strip syndication on U.S. television, stopping mid-way through Sailor Moon R. These remaining episodes were each cut by several minutes to make room for more commercials, to censor plot points or visuals deemed inappropriate for children and to allow the insertion of brief "educational" segments called "Sailor Says" at the end of each episode. In addition, the background musical score, and insert songs were also replaced. The remaining 17 episodes of Sailor Moon R were not adapted until 1997 after the series gained popularity in North America and were treated in much the same way; when Sailor Moon R was translated, it was marketed under the same title as the first season. At the time, it was unusual for anime theme songs to be translated, and Sailor Moon's was one of the first such themes to be redone in English since Speed Racer.[9] In addition, some episodes from the first two seasons of Sailor Moon were introduced with the following text:Production of the North American versions of Sailor Moon S and Sailor Moon Super S, as well as the movies from Cloverway Inc. (the international branch of Toei Animation, the Japanese production company) in association with Optimum Productions was strikingly different from DIC's dubs of Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R in that they were much closer to the original version. The original animation and music were kept, except for the opening theme, which was the same as DiC's version, but with different animation, the closing theme, which was the same as DiC's opening/closing without the vocal track, and CGI scene transitions which were continued for the edited television broadcast version to maintain consistency with the DiC-produced episodes. The "Sailor Says" segments were eliminated, and much less overt censorship was in evidence, as the rules for children's television in America having been relaxed in the intervening years due to the advent of a TV ratings system; the show itself was rated "TV-Y7-FV". However, many Sailor Moon fans disliked the "Americanization" of the two series by the addition of slang words (such as "fine" or "buggin'") with no corollary in the Japanese series, as well as incorrect or inconsistent attack and transformation phrases being used at times.[10][11][12] They also vehemently objected to the treatment of the characters of Sailor Uranus (Amara/Haruka Tenoh) and Sailor Neptune (Michelle/Michiru Kaioh) during Sailor Moon S. Though it was never stated in the series, Naoko Takeuchi confirmed that they were lesbians; in Cloverway's adaptation they became "cousins" instead, an attempt to explain their relationship away as something else, since homosexuality was typically an extremely taboo subject in American children's entertainment at the time.[1The English adaptation of Sailor Moon began broadcasting on August 28, 1995, on YTV in Canada, and entered syndication in the United States two weeks later. While the show had moderate success on YTV, in the U.S. the show struggled in early morning "dead" timeslots,[14][15] implied to be due to local shows taking precedence for better times.[14] The series was removed from syndication in 1996 after the original 65 English episodes were broadcast,[16][17] leaving it in a cliffhanger. In response to this, a fan organization called "Save Our Sailors" (SOS) was created.[18] A 1996 Internet petition for the return of Sailor Moon is said to have garnered 30,000 signatures.[16] Syndication meant that it was harder for Sailor Moon to make a profit, as advertising slots had to be sold, and ratings were key to selling advertising spots - which was difficult given the unfavorable times at which Sailor Moon was being aired. SOS organised a procott where fans would buy Pop-Tarts to persuade them to advertise during Sailor Moon.[19] The show was later picked up for US broadcast by the USA Network a year later, where it aired for several months before leaving the network after broadcasting all original 65 English episodes.[18]DiC and Optimum originally dubbed a total of 65 episodes for distribution in 1995, a number that took them approximately two-thirds of the way through Sailor Moon R. Two years later, funding was acquired by DiC to dub the remaining seventeen Sailor Moon R episodes into English and the episodes were broadcast in Canada to wrap up lingering plotlines. The last episode of Sailor Moon R was a clip episode entitled "Follow The Leader", which featured the Scouts' past adventures and previews for Sailor Moon S, the show's third season. The remainder of Sailor Moon R was brought over to America a year later, initially billed as "The Lost Episodes.In 1998, as a result of the Turner deal, Cartoon Network was given the rights to the original 65 English-dubbed Sailor Moon episodes and began airing them as part of its then-action-themed Toonami block. The decision proved extremely profitable for Cartoon Network, as ratings for the show helped boost viewership for the Toonami programming block and generated revenue and interest for them to acquire other anime shows such as Dragon Ball Z to add to the block. Cartoon Network later acquired the rights to the 17 remaining Sailor Moon R episodes, and subsequently aired English versions of Sailor Moon S and Sailor Moon SuperS. The S and Super S episodes also aired in Canada on YTV in 2000.The S and SuperS English dubs were first broadcast in 2000 on Cartoon Network as part of their Toonami programming block, and also on YTV; and 13 episodes of the S dub were picked up for airing on Kids' WB in September 2001, airing for 2 weeks, even continuing to air the remaining episodes after the September 11 attacks. The films were also aired on Cartoon Network and YTV. The broadcast syndication license for Sailor Moon in North America expired on May 31, 2004, and Cartoon Network lost the rights to it in May 2003 before this point, thus ending the English version's run in the United States, however, the show was pulled from Cartoon Network's schedule in July 2002 before that point.In addition to Cloverway's edits, Cartoon Network cut out 1–2 minutes of footage per episode to make room for more commercials when shown on their network. Occasionally, they made additional changes to skip visuals they believed were inappropriate. For example, an image of full rear nudity when Sailor Uranus de-transforms was skipped.[20] Most cuts were made similar to DiC Entertainment's censorship policy (see "Alterations" below) although not as harsh nor restricted to just cutting out. Two episodes were skipped by Cartoon Network when the problem could not be solved. Episode 119 for instance was at first skipped because its monster-of-the-day was essentially naked, and thus deemed too risque for the show's target audience. In the series' second run, however, the episode finally aired, and solved the monster's revealing skin by digitally adding in a bikini to it.[21] Episode 152 was also skipped by Cartoon Network, but for reasons that are not as clear. Like Episode 119, it also eventually aired on the series' second run.[22] The Edited VHS releases of Sailor Moon S and Sailor Moon SuperS by Pioneer Home Entertainment used the cut footage shown on Cartoon Network, while the uncut VHS and DVD releases restore the cut scenes, including the controversial ones.During 1996-97, a total of six VHS tapes, each containing two key (nonconsecutive in most cases) episodes of the series, were released by Buena Vista Home Video through DIC Entertainment. These tapes were originally available exclusively through Toys 'R' Us stores, but later saw wider distribution in other chains. In 2001, a VHS boxset containing all thirteen episodes of the "Doom Tree" storyline (the first part of R) was released, also through Buena Vista.Pioneer Entertainment (later Geneon Entertainment) had the rights to release Sailor Moon S, Super S, and the movies to Region 1 DVD and VHS under license from Cloverway. They released the movies in English dubbed and subtitled versions, as well as the edited TV versions, to VHS and DVD in 1999. They released Sailor Moon S and Super S to home video in a similar format in 2000. That same year, ADV Films released the English dubs of Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R in a 20 volume VHS series series under license from DiC.[23] During 2001, Pioneer had released Sailor Moon S and SuperS in four different stock-keeping units, and released a box set of the movies in that October.[24] The first two seasons were later taken to DVD in 2002, released over fourteen Region-1 DVDs from ADV Films. ADV later released a subtitled version of the entire Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R series in two separate limited edition DVD box sets in 2004-uncut, except for the removal of next episode previews and one episode (67) from the Sailor Moon R set, and using different versions of some openings than were in the original. ADV's license to distribute Sailor Moon and Sailor Moon R in either form expired at the end of March 2004. Geneon's license expired in 2005.In Australia, the first 65 syndicated episodes of Sailor Moon were first seen afternoons on the ABC's children's block in late 1995.[25][26] The following year, they were transferred to the Seven Network's Agro's Cartoon Connection. They were replayed there several times, until early 1999, when Seven would finally air the newer 17 episodes. All 82 English episodes would be played on Seven once more; from late 1999 to early 2000 on their morning program, The Big Breakfast. In early 2002, the series was again transferred, this time to Network Ten's Cheez TV. Cheez TV only played the first 65 episodes (twice), and due to classification restrictions, were forced to skip two episodes, "Match Point for Sailor Moon" (ostensibly because the episode's "monster of the day" had visible breasts) and "A Friend in Wolf's Clothing" (due to a graphic death scene).Sailor Moon also played on Australian cable network Fox Kids in September 2001; Fox Kids was the first Australian outlet to play the entirety of the English-dubbed series, with Sailor Moon S starting in April 2002 and Sailor Moon Super S starting in August 2002. In December 2002, Fox Kids aired a marathon of all 159 episodes over two weeks.Network Video released six volumes of Sailor Moon on VHS spanning the first 18 episodes in 1996.In 2002, Madman Entertainment acquired the rights to Sailor Moon video distribution in Australia and released the 82 DIC dubbed episodes on both DVD and VHS. These releases were nearly identical to the ones by ADV. The releases did well, with Madman stating they were in the process of acquiring the rights to release at least Season 1 uncut with subtitles as well. However, after the rights expired and were not renewed by Toei, this was no longer possible and the English volumes previously released also ceased to be printed.Sailor Moon first aired on Fox Kids, now known as Disney XD, in the United Kingdom in 1996 using the North American DiC Entertainment dub. Fox Kids repeated the Dark Kingdom arc and the Alan and Ann arc of Sailor Moon R until airing the rest of R around the end of 2000. Fans with the Internet found out about the later seasons, and signed petitions to put Sailor Moon S on Fox Kids. Fox Kids stated repeatedly that they were going to, and in 2002 they showed a preview clip with scenes from the S season that declared "New episodes of Sailor Moon coming soon!". The channel, however, never aired the series.Around this time, ITV1 started showing Sailor Moon in a kids' segment of GMTV on Saturday mornings, called "Up on the Roof" but later renamed "Toonattik". This, despite time edits which compounded the already problematic DIC Entertainment cuts, proved popular. However, since Fox Kids held the UK rights for Sailor Moon but would not give them up apart from the inaugural thirteen episodes, Sailor Moon was canceled on that network and shortly thereafter canceled on Fox Kids as well. Although ITV put the first 13 episodes they had on VHS, they did not sell very well. MVM, a UK anime company, released the dub versions of the first 24 episodes on VHS in 2001/2003, and then the complete first two seasons on DVD in 2003/2004. A box set of the first season were also released, but did not sell well either,[27] a fact MVM attributes to the dub only status of the DVDs, as MVM were unable to secure uncut masters, and major retailers' refusal to support the show meaning the release neither appealed to children nor older anime fans
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