Cartoon Your Pictures For Free Biography
Source(Google.com.pk)
A character is a person in a narrative work of arts (such as a novel, play, television show/series, or film).[1] Derived from the ancient Greek word kharaktêr, the English word dates from the Restoration,[2] although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749.[3][4] From this, the sense of "a part played by an actor" developed.[4] Character, particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema, involves "the illusion of being a human person."[5] In literature, characters guide readers through their stories, helping them to understand plots and ponder themes.[6] Since the end of the 18th century, the phrase "in character" has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor.[4] Since the 19th century, the art of creating characters, as practised by actors or writers, has been called characterisation.[4]A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type.[7] Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised.[7] The characters in Henrik Ibsen's Hedda Gabler (1891) and August Strindberg's Miss Julie (1888), for example, are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender, such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts.The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work.[9] The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions (proairetic, pragmatic, linguistic, proxemic) that it forms with the other characters.[10] The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically, often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality, self-determination, and the social order.[11]In the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory, Poetics (c. 335 BCE), the Greek philosopher Aristotle deduces that character (ethos) is one of six qualitative parts of Athenian tragedy and one of the three objects that it represents (1450a12).[12] He understands character not to denote a fictional person, but the quality of the person acting in the story and reacting to its situations (1450a5).[13] He defines character as "that which reveals decision, of whatever sort" (1450b8).[13] It is possible, therefore, to have tragedies that do not contain "characters" in Aristotle's sense of the word, since character makes the ethical dispositions of those performing the action of the story clear.[14] Aristotle argues for the primacy of plot (mythos) over character (ethos).[15] He writes: But the most important of these is the structure of the incidents. For (i) tragedy is a representation not of human beings but of action and life. Happiness and unhappiness lie in action, and the end [of life] is a sort of action, not a quality; people are of a certain sort according to their characters, but happy or the opposite according to their actions. So [the actors] do not act in order to represent the characters, but they include the characters for the sake of their actions" (1450a15-23).[16]In the Poetics, Aristotle also introduced the influential tripartite division of characters in superior to the audience, inferior, or at the same level.[17][18] In the Tractatus coislinianus (which may or may not be by Aristotle), comedy is defined as involving three types of characters: the buffoon (bômolochus), the ironist (eirôn) and the imposter or boaster (alazôn).[19] All three are central to Aristophanes' "Old comedy."[20]By the time the Roman playwright Plautus wrote his plays, the use of characters to define dramatic genres was well established.[21] His Amphitryon begins with a prologue in which the speaker Mercury claims that since the play contains kings and gods, it cannot be a comedy and must be a tragicomedy.[22] Like much Roman comedy, it is probably translated from an earlier Greek original, most commonly held to be Philemon's Long Night, or Rhinthon's Amphitryon, both now lost.[23]In his book Aspects of the novel, E. M. Forster defined two basic types of characters, their qualities, functions, and importance for the development of the novel: flat characters and round characters.[24] Flat characters are two-dimensional, in that they are relatively uncomplicated and do not change throughout the course of a work. By contrast, round characters are complex and undergo development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader.[25]Johan August Strindberg (About this sound pronounced (help·info); 22 January 1849 – 14 May 1912) was a Swedish playwright, novelist, poet, essayist and painter.[1][2][3] A prolific writer who often drew directly on his personal experience, Strindberg's career spanned four decades, during which time he wrote over 60 plays and more than 30 works of fiction, autobiography, history, cultural analysis, and politics.[4] A bold experimenter and iconoclast throughout, he explored a wide range of dramatic methods and purposes, from naturalistic tragedy, monodrama, and history plays, to his anticipations of expressionist and surrealist dramatic techniques.[5][6] From his earliest work, Strindberg developed forms of dramatic action, language, and visual composition so innovative that many were to become technically possible to stage only with the advent of film.[7] He is considered the "father" of modern Swedish literature and his The Red Room (1879) has frequently been described as the first modern Swedish novel.[8][9]In Sweden Strindberg is both known as a novelist and a playwright, but in most other countries he is almost only known as a playwright.The Royal Theatre rejected his first major play, Master Olof, in 1872; it was not until 1881, at the age of 32, that its première at the New Theatre gave him his theatrical breakthrough.[1][10] In his plays The Father (1887), Miss Julie (1888), and Creditors (1889), he created naturalistic dramas that – building on the established accomplishments of Henrik Ibsen's prose problem plays while rejecting their use of the structure of the well-made play — responded to the call-to-arms of Émile Zola's manifesto "Naturalism in the Theatre" (1881) and the example set by André Antoine's newly established Théâtre Libre (opened 1887).[11] In Miss Julie, characterisation replaces plot as the predominant dramatic element (in contrast to melodrama and the well-made play) and the determining role of heredity and the environment on the "vacillating, disintegrated" characters is emphasised.[12] Strindberg modelled his short-lived Scandinavian Experimental Theatre (1889) in Copenhagen on Antoine's theatre and he explored the theory of Naturalism in his essays "On Psychic Murder" (1887), "On Modern Drama and the Modern Theatre" (1889), and a preface to Miss Julie, the last of which is probably the best-known statement of the principles of the theatrical movement.[13]During the 1890s he spent significant time abroad engaged in scientific experiments and studies of the occult.[14] A series of psychotic attacks between 1894 to 1896 (referred to as his "Inferno crisis") led to his hospitalisation and return to Sweden.[14] Under the influence of the ideas of Emanuel Swedenborg, he resolved after his recovery to become "the Zola of the Occult."[15] In 1898 he returned to playwriting with To Damascus, which, like The Great Highway (1909), is a dream-play of spiritual pilgrimage.[16] His A Dream Play (1902) — with its radical attempt to dramatise the workings of the unconscious by means of an abolition of conventional dramatic time and space and the splitting, doubling, merging, and multiplication of its characters – was an important precursor to both expressionism and surrealism.[17] He also returned to writing historical drama, the genre with which he had begun his playwriting career.[18] He helped to run the Intimate Theatre from 1907, a small-scale theatre, modelled on Max Reinhardt's Kammerspielhaus, that staged his chamber plays (such as The Ghost Sonata).[19]Strindberg was born on 22 January 1849 in Stockholm, Sweden, the third surviving son of Carl Oscar Strindberg (a shipping agent) and Eleonora Ulrika Norling (a serving-maid).[20] In his autobiographical novel The Son of a Servant, Strindberg describes a childhood affected by "emotional insecurity, poverty, religious fanaticism and neglect.".[21] When he was seven, Strindberg moved to Norrtullsgatan on the northern, almost-rural periphery of the city.[22] A year later the family moved near to Sabbatsberg, where they stayed for three years before returning to Norrtullsgatan.[23] He attended a harsh school in Klara for four years, an experience that haunted him in his adult life.[24] He was moved to the school in Jakob in 1860, which he found far more pleasant, though he remained there for only a year.[25] In the autumn of 1861, he was moved to the Stockholm Lyceum, a progressive private school for middle-class boys, where he remained for six years.[26] As a child he had a keen interest in natural science, photography, and religion (following his mother's Pietism).[27] His mother, Strindberg recalled later with bitterness, always resented her son's intelligence.[26] When he was thirteen, she died.[28] Though his grief lasted for only three months, in later life he came to feel a sense of loss and longing for an idealised maternal figure.[29] Less than a year after her death, his father married the children's governess, Emilia Charlotta Pettersson.[30] According to his sisters, Strindberg came to regard them as his worst enemies.[29] He passed his graduation exam in May 1867 and enrolled at the Uppsala University, where he began on 13 September.[31]Strindberg spent the next few years in Uppsala and Stockholm, alternately studying for exams and trying his hand at non-academic pursuits. As a young student, Strindberg also worked as an assistant in a pharmacy in the university town of Lund in southern Sweden. He supported himself in between studies as a substitute primary-school teacher and as a tutor for the children of two well-known physicians in Stockholm.[32] He first left Uppsala in 1868 to work as a schoolteacher, but then studied chemistry for some time at the Institute of Technology in Stockholm in preparation for medical studies, later working as a private tutor before becoming an extra at the Royal Theatre in Stockholm. In May 1869, he failed his qualifying chemistry exam which in turn made him uninterested in schooling.1870sStrindberg returned to Uppsala University in January 1870 to study aesthetics and modern languages and to work on a number of plays.[33] It was at this time that he first learnt about the ideas of Charles Darwin.[34] He co-founded the Rune Society, a small literary club whose members adopted pseudonyms taken from runes of the ancient Teutonic alphabet – Strindberg called himself Frö (Seed), after the god of fertility.[35] After abandoning a draft of a play about Eric XIV of Sweden halfway through in the face of criticism from the Rune Society, on 30 March he completed a one-act comedy in verse called In Rome about Bertel Thorvaldsen, which he had begun the previous autumn.[36] The play was accepted by the Royal Theatre, where it premièred on 13 September 1870.[37][38] As he watched it performed, he realised that it was not good and felt like drowning himself, though the reviews published the following day were generally favourable.[39] That year he also first read works of Søren Kierkegaard and Georg Brandes, both of whom influenced him.[38][40]Portrait of Strindberg from April 1875.Taking his cue from William Shakespeare, he began to use colloquial and realistic speech in his historical dramas, which challenged the convention that they should be written in stately verse.[citation needed] During the Christmas holiday of 1870–71, he re-wrote an historical tragedy, Sven the Sacrificer, as a one-act play in prose called The Outlaw.[38][41] Depressed by Uppsala, he stayed in Stockholm, returning to the university in April to pass an exam in Latin and in June to defend his thesis on Adam Gottlob Oehlenschläger's Romantic tragedy Earl Haakon (1802).[42] Following further revision in the summer, The Outlaw opened at the Royal Theatre on 16 October 1871.[38][43][44] Despite hostile reviews, the play earned him an audience with King Charles XV, who supported his studies with a payment of 200 riksdaler.[45] Towards the end of the year Strindberg completed a first draft of his first major work, a play about Olaus Petri called Master Olof.[38][46] In September 1872, the Royal Theatre rejected it, leading to decades of rewrites, bitterness, and a contempt for official institutions.[47][48] Returning to the university for what would be his final term in the spring, he left on 2 March 1872, without graduating.[49] In Town and Gown (1877), a collection of short stories describing student life, he ridiculed Uppsala and its professors.[50][51][52]Strindberg embarked on his career as a journalist and critic for newspapers in Stockholm.[53] He was particularly excited at this time by Henry Thomas Buckle's History of Civilization and the first volume of Georg Brandes' Main Currents of Nineteenth-Century Literature.[54] From December 1874, Strindberg worked for eight years as an assistant librarian at the Royal Library.[55][55][56][57] That same month, Strindberg offered Master Olof to Edvard Stjernström (the director of the newly built New Theatre in Stockholm), but it was rejected.[55] He socialised with writers, painters, journalists, and other librarians; they often met in the Red Room in Bern's Restaurant.[38][58]Early in the summer of 1875, he met Siri von Essen, a 24-year-old aspiring actress who, by virtue of her husband, was a baroness – he became infatuated with her.[59][60] Strindberg described himself as a "failed author" at this time: "I feel like a deaf-mute," he wrote, "as I cannot speak and am not permitted to write; sometimes I stand in the middle of my room that seems like a prison cell, and then I want to scream so that walls and ceilings would fly apart, and I have so much to scream about, and therefore I remain silent."[61] As a result of an argument in January 1876 concerning the inheritance of the family firm, Strindberg's relationship with his father was terminated (he did not attend his funeral in February 1883).[62] From the beginning of 1876, Strindberg and Siri began to meet in secret.[63][64] Following a successful audition that December, Siri became an actress at the Royal Theatre.[65][66] They married a year later, on 30 December 1877;[67][68] Siri was seven months pregnant at the time. Their first child was born prematurely on 21 January 1878 and died two days later.[69][70] On 9 January 1879, Strindberg was declared bankrupt.[71][72] In November 1879, his novel The Red Room was published.[73] A satire of Stockholm society, it has frequently been described as the first modern Swedish novel.[73] While receiving mixed reviews in Sweden, it was acclaimed in Denmark, where Strindberg was hailed as a genius.[74] As a result of The Red Room, he had become famous throughout Scandinavia.[75][76] Edvard Brandes wrote that the novel "makes the reader want to join the fight against hypocrisy and reaction."[77] In his response to Brandes, Strindberg explained that I am a socialist, a nihilist, a republican, anything that is anti-reactionary!... I want to turn everything upside down to see what lies beneath; I believe we are so webbed, so horribly regimented, that no spring-cleaning is possible, everything must be burned, blown to bits, and then we can start afresh...
Source(Google.com.pk)
A character is a person in a narrative work of arts (such as a novel, play, television show/series, or film).[1] Derived from the ancient Greek word kharaktêr, the English word dates from the Restoration,[2] although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749.[3][4] From this, the sense of "a part played by an actor" developed.[4] Character, particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema, involves "the illusion of being a human person."[5] In literature, characters guide readers through their stories, helping them to understand plots and ponder themes.[6] Since the end of the 18th century, the phrase "in character" has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor.[4] Since the 19th century, the art of creating characters, as practised by actors or writers, has been called characterisation.[4]A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type.[7] Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised.[7] The characters in Henrik Ibsen's Hedda Gabler (1891) and August Strindberg's Miss Julie (1888), for example, are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender, such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts.The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work.[9] The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions (proairetic, pragmatic, linguistic, proxemic) that it forms with the other characters.[10] The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically, often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality, self-determination, and the social order.[11]In the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory, Poetics (c. 335 BCE), the Greek philosopher Aristotle deduces that character (ethos) is one of six qualitative parts of Athenian tragedy and one of the three objects that it represents (1450a12).[12] He understands character not to denote a fictional person, but the quality of the person acting in the story and reacting to its situations (1450a5).[13] He defines character as "that which reveals decision, of whatever sort" (1450b8).[13] It is possible, therefore, to have tragedies that do not contain "characters" in Aristotle's sense of the word, since character makes the ethical dispositions of those performing the action of the story clear.[14] Aristotle argues for the primacy of plot (mythos) over character (ethos).[15] He writes: But the most important of these is the structure of the incidents. For (i) tragedy is a representation not of human beings but of action and life. Happiness and unhappiness lie in action, and the end [of life] is a sort of action, not a quality; people are of a certain sort according to their characters, but happy or the opposite according to their actions. So [the actors] do not act in order to represent the characters, but they include the characters for the sake of their actions" (1450a15-23).[16]In the Poetics, Aristotle also introduced the influential tripartite division of characters in superior to the audience, inferior, or at the same level.[17][18] In the Tractatus coislinianus (which may or may not be by Aristotle), comedy is defined as involving three types of characters: the buffoon (bômolochus), the ironist (eirôn) and the imposter or boaster (alazôn).[19] All three are central to Aristophanes' "Old comedy."[20]By the time the Roman playwright Plautus wrote his plays, the use of characters to define dramatic genres was well established.[21] His Amphitryon begins with a prologue in which the speaker Mercury claims that since the play contains kings and gods, it cannot be a comedy and must be a tragicomedy.[22] Like much Roman comedy, it is probably translated from an earlier Greek original, most commonly held to be Philemon's Long Night, or Rhinthon's Amphitryon, both now lost.[23]In his book Aspects of the novel, E. M. Forster defined two basic types of characters, their qualities, functions, and importance for the development of the novel: flat characters and round characters.[24] Flat characters are two-dimensional, in that they are relatively uncomplicated and do not change throughout the course of a work. By contrast, round characters are complex and undergo development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader.[25]Johan August Strindberg (About this sound pronounced (help·info); 22 January 1849 – 14 May 1912) was a Swedish playwright, novelist, poet, essayist and painter.[1][2][3] A prolific writer who often drew directly on his personal experience, Strindberg's career spanned four decades, during which time he wrote over 60 plays and more than 30 works of fiction, autobiography, history, cultural analysis, and politics.[4] A bold experimenter and iconoclast throughout, he explored a wide range of dramatic methods and purposes, from naturalistic tragedy, monodrama, and history plays, to his anticipations of expressionist and surrealist dramatic techniques.[5][6] From his earliest work, Strindberg developed forms of dramatic action, language, and visual composition so innovative that many were to become technically possible to stage only with the advent of film.[7] He is considered the "father" of modern Swedish literature and his The Red Room (1879) has frequently been described as the first modern Swedish novel.[8][9]In Sweden Strindberg is both known as a novelist and a playwright, but in most other countries he is almost only known as a playwright.The Royal Theatre rejected his first major play, Master Olof, in 1872; it was not until 1881, at the age of 32, that its première at the New Theatre gave him his theatrical breakthrough.[1][10] In his plays The Father (1887), Miss Julie (1888), and Creditors (1889), he created naturalistic dramas that – building on the established accomplishments of Henrik Ibsen's prose problem plays while rejecting their use of the structure of the well-made play — responded to the call-to-arms of Émile Zola's manifesto "Naturalism in the Theatre" (1881) and the example set by André Antoine's newly established Théâtre Libre (opened 1887).[11] In Miss Julie, characterisation replaces plot as the predominant dramatic element (in contrast to melodrama and the well-made play) and the determining role of heredity and the environment on the "vacillating, disintegrated" characters is emphasised.[12] Strindberg modelled his short-lived Scandinavian Experimental Theatre (1889) in Copenhagen on Antoine's theatre and he explored the theory of Naturalism in his essays "On Psychic Murder" (1887), "On Modern Drama and the Modern Theatre" (1889), and a preface to Miss Julie, the last of which is probably the best-known statement of the principles of the theatrical movement.[13]During the 1890s he spent significant time abroad engaged in scientific experiments and studies of the occult.[14] A series of psychotic attacks between 1894 to 1896 (referred to as his "Inferno crisis") led to his hospitalisation and return to Sweden.[14] Under the influence of the ideas of Emanuel Swedenborg, he resolved after his recovery to become "the Zola of the Occult."[15] In 1898 he returned to playwriting with To Damascus, which, like The Great Highway (1909), is a dream-play of spiritual pilgrimage.[16] His A Dream Play (1902) — with its radical attempt to dramatise the workings of the unconscious by means of an abolition of conventional dramatic time and space and the splitting, doubling, merging, and multiplication of its characters – was an important precursor to both expressionism and surrealism.[17] He also returned to writing historical drama, the genre with which he had begun his playwriting career.[18] He helped to run the Intimate Theatre from 1907, a small-scale theatre, modelled on Max Reinhardt's Kammerspielhaus, that staged his chamber plays (such as The Ghost Sonata).[19]Strindberg was born on 22 January 1849 in Stockholm, Sweden, the third surviving son of Carl Oscar Strindberg (a shipping agent) and Eleonora Ulrika Norling (a serving-maid).[20] In his autobiographical novel The Son of a Servant, Strindberg describes a childhood affected by "emotional insecurity, poverty, religious fanaticism and neglect.".[21] When he was seven, Strindberg moved to Norrtullsgatan on the northern, almost-rural periphery of the city.[22] A year later the family moved near to Sabbatsberg, where they stayed for three years before returning to Norrtullsgatan.[23] He attended a harsh school in Klara for four years, an experience that haunted him in his adult life.[24] He was moved to the school in Jakob in 1860, which he found far more pleasant, though he remained there for only a year.[25] In the autumn of 1861, he was moved to the Stockholm Lyceum, a progressive private school for middle-class boys, where he remained for six years.[26] As a child he had a keen interest in natural science, photography, and religion (following his mother's Pietism).[27] His mother, Strindberg recalled later with bitterness, always resented her son's intelligence.[26] When he was thirteen, she died.[28] Though his grief lasted for only three months, in later life he came to feel a sense of loss and longing for an idealised maternal figure.[29] Less than a year after her death, his father married the children's governess, Emilia Charlotta Pettersson.[30] According to his sisters, Strindberg came to regard them as his worst enemies.[29] He passed his graduation exam in May 1867 and enrolled at the Uppsala University, where he began on 13 September.[31]Strindberg spent the next few years in Uppsala and Stockholm, alternately studying for exams and trying his hand at non-academic pursuits. As a young student, Strindberg also worked as an assistant in a pharmacy in the university town of Lund in southern Sweden. He supported himself in between studies as a substitute primary-school teacher and as a tutor for the children of two well-known physicians in Stockholm.[32] He first left Uppsala in 1868 to work as a schoolteacher, but then studied chemistry for some time at the Institute of Technology in Stockholm in preparation for medical studies, later working as a private tutor before becoming an extra at the Royal Theatre in Stockholm. In May 1869, he failed his qualifying chemistry exam which in turn made him uninterested in schooling.1870sStrindberg returned to Uppsala University in January 1870 to study aesthetics and modern languages and to work on a number of plays.[33] It was at this time that he first learnt about the ideas of Charles Darwin.[34] He co-founded the Rune Society, a small literary club whose members adopted pseudonyms taken from runes of the ancient Teutonic alphabet – Strindberg called himself Frö (Seed), after the god of fertility.[35] After abandoning a draft of a play about Eric XIV of Sweden halfway through in the face of criticism from the Rune Society, on 30 March he completed a one-act comedy in verse called In Rome about Bertel Thorvaldsen, which he had begun the previous autumn.[36] The play was accepted by the Royal Theatre, where it premièred on 13 September 1870.[37][38] As he watched it performed, he realised that it was not good and felt like drowning himself, though the reviews published the following day were generally favourable.[39] That year he also first read works of Søren Kierkegaard and Georg Brandes, both of whom influenced him.[38][40]Portrait of Strindberg from April 1875.Taking his cue from William Shakespeare, he began to use colloquial and realistic speech in his historical dramas, which challenged the convention that they should be written in stately verse.[citation needed] During the Christmas holiday of 1870–71, he re-wrote an historical tragedy, Sven the Sacrificer, as a one-act play in prose called The Outlaw.[38][41] Depressed by Uppsala, he stayed in Stockholm, returning to the university in April to pass an exam in Latin and in June to defend his thesis on Adam Gottlob Oehlenschläger's Romantic tragedy Earl Haakon (1802).[42] Following further revision in the summer, The Outlaw opened at the Royal Theatre on 16 October 1871.[38][43][44] Despite hostile reviews, the play earned him an audience with King Charles XV, who supported his studies with a payment of 200 riksdaler.[45] Towards the end of the year Strindberg completed a first draft of his first major work, a play about Olaus Petri called Master Olof.[38][46] In September 1872, the Royal Theatre rejected it, leading to decades of rewrites, bitterness, and a contempt for official institutions.[47][48] Returning to the university for what would be his final term in the spring, he left on 2 March 1872, without graduating.[49] In Town and Gown (1877), a collection of short stories describing student life, he ridiculed Uppsala and its professors.[50][51][52]Strindberg embarked on his career as a journalist and critic for newspapers in Stockholm.[53] He was particularly excited at this time by Henry Thomas Buckle's History of Civilization and the first volume of Georg Brandes' Main Currents of Nineteenth-Century Literature.[54] From December 1874, Strindberg worked for eight years as an assistant librarian at the Royal Library.[55][55][56][57] That same month, Strindberg offered Master Olof to Edvard Stjernström (the director of the newly built New Theatre in Stockholm), but it was rejected.[55] He socialised with writers, painters, journalists, and other librarians; they often met in the Red Room in Bern's Restaurant.[38][58]Early in the summer of 1875, he met Siri von Essen, a 24-year-old aspiring actress who, by virtue of her husband, was a baroness – he became infatuated with her.[59][60] Strindberg described himself as a "failed author" at this time: "I feel like a deaf-mute," he wrote, "as I cannot speak and am not permitted to write; sometimes I stand in the middle of my room that seems like a prison cell, and then I want to scream so that walls and ceilings would fly apart, and I have so much to scream about, and therefore I remain silent."[61] As a result of an argument in January 1876 concerning the inheritance of the family firm, Strindberg's relationship with his father was terminated (he did not attend his funeral in February 1883).[62] From the beginning of 1876, Strindberg and Siri began to meet in secret.[63][64] Following a successful audition that December, Siri became an actress at the Royal Theatre.[65][66] They married a year later, on 30 December 1877;[67][68] Siri was seven months pregnant at the time. Their first child was born prematurely on 21 January 1878 and died two days later.[69][70] On 9 January 1879, Strindberg was declared bankrupt.[71][72] In November 1879, his novel The Red Room was published.[73] A satire of Stockholm society, it has frequently been described as the first modern Swedish novel.[73] While receiving mixed reviews in Sweden, it was acclaimed in Denmark, where Strindberg was hailed as a genius.[74] As a result of The Red Room, he had become famous throughout Scandinavia.[75][76] Edvard Brandes wrote that the novel "makes the reader want to join the fight against hypocrisy and reaction."[77] In his response to Brandes, Strindberg explained that I am a socialist, a nihilist, a republican, anything that is anti-reactionary!... I want to turn everything upside down to see what lies beneath; I believe we are so webbed, so horribly regimented, that no spring-cleaning is possible, everything must be burned, blown to bits, and then we can start afresh...
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
Images Pics Photos Wallpapers Pictures
No comments:
Post a Comment